| 1945 |
Vannevar Bush (Science Advisor to President Roosevelt during WW2)
proposes Memex
in
"As We May Think." |
| 1965 |
Ted Nelson invents the word hypertext. |
| 1967 |
Andries van Dam
develops the Hypertext Editing System at Brown
University, followed by the introduction of FRESS in 1968. |
| 1968 |
Doug Engelbart
gives a demo of NLS at FJCC, a part of the Augment
project, started in 1962. Links can be across machines. |
| 1975 |
A team at Carnegie Mellon University, headed by Robertson, develops
the ZOG system, which later becomes KMS. |
| 1978 |
A team at MIT, headed by Andrew Lippman, develops the Aspen
Movie Map, the first true example of a multimedia application
including a videodisk. Created at the MIT Architecture Machine
Group, which later becomes the
Media Lab. |
| 1979 |
Ted Nelson begins
Xanadu project, which is bought by Autodesk in 1988
and subsequently dropped four years later. The idea was to create a
central, pay-per-document database of all written information.
Xanadu FAQ. |
| 1984 |
Filevision from Telos: hypermedia database for Macintosh. |
| 1985 |
Janet Walker develops the Symbolics Document Examiner, the first
hypertext system used by "real" customers.
NoteCards from Xerox: fixed card-sized chunks of information
Intermedia from
Brown University: Link database runs parallel to text
for notation. It's easy to create a different link database for
different purposes while preserving the original document. |
| 1986 |
OWL introduces
Guide
for the Macintosh, based on the Unix Guide
system, developed by Peter Brown at the University of Kent. Allows
text and graphics. |
| 1987 |
Apple
delivers HyperCard free with every Macintosh, the first
widely available personal hypermedia authoring system. Not as
simple as HTML because most documents require writing a script.
The ACM organizes the first Conference on Hypertext. (Hypertext '87) |
| 1989 |
Tim Berners-Lee proposes the World Wide Web (WWW) |
| 1990 |
ECHT (European Conference on HyperText) |
| 1991 |
World Wide Web at CERN
becomes first global hypertext. |
| 1992 |
New York Times Book Review cover story on hypertext fiction |
| 1993 |
The National
Center for Supercomputing Applications Introduces
Mosaic,
programmed by Marc Andreesson and Eric Bina.
International Workshop on Hypermedia and Hypertext Standards, Amsterdam.
First WWW developers' conference in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Hypertext Conference in Seattle, Washington.
A Hard Day's Night
becomes the first full-length feature film
in hypermedia, distribued via compact disc.
Hypermedia encyclopedias sell more copies than print encyclopedias. |
| 1994 |
First World Wide Web Conference held in Geneva Switzerland.
WWW surpasses 1 terabyte of data per month on the NSFnet backbone,
surpassing gopher traffic.
Jim Clark and Marc Andreessen form Mosaic Communications Corporation,
which will soon becomes Netscape
Communications Corporation.
World Conference on Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia in Vancouver,
Canada.
European Conference on Hypermedia Technology, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Federal Mosaic Consortium Created. |
| 1995 |
Netscape Corporation gains market value of almost $500 Million on
first day of stock market trading. |